Sunday, April 28, 2013
三十而退
Monday, April 15, 2013
心如處子
Monday, April 01, 2013
根求本質
Monday, December 10, 2012
關於真正的自由
『我注意到一個事實,我發現當我得到我想要的東西,我的欲求並沒有消失,它只是轉移到下一個目標上。在某些方面,說「我想要這個」或「我想要那個」是不正確的,比較正確的說法應該是「我想要」就像我們在說「我痛」一樣,如果我得到那個網袋,我只會繼續欲求其它東西。我在想,如果我明白欲求是人類經驗的基礎,還有它不會因為每天變化無常的欲望得到滿足而有所緩解,也許我就會自動步出那部享樂跑步機。』– Colin Beavan
『是拒絕一切有包裝的東西,還是靠單車代步、溜踏板車、過沒有冰箱的日子?還是其它部分?以上皆非,最困難的是改變習慣,硬要自己脫離原來的軌道,學習過不一樣的生活。』– Colin Beavan
"Between stimulus and response there is a space. In that space is our power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and our freedom." -- Viktor E. Frankl
Sunday, November 18, 2012
業,增長廣大
Sunday, November 11, 2012
馬拉松與創業
上週末去參加太魯閣馬拉松,不過因最近較少練習,一直擔心可能被載回來 (馬拉松有時間限制,主辦單位最後會用車,把跑不完的人「收集」回終點)。開跑後就思考起這次要怎樣才可完跑。根據個人經驗 ,完跑基本上有三要素:
- 保持節奏長跑是非常個人的運動。即便上萬名跑者一起參賽,也較像是和自己比賽而非競賽。除了前幾位「選手級」跑者,不用、也不該和其它人競爭。原因很簡單:每個人都有最適合自己的跑速。若為了競爭而加快,很可能因身體規律被打亂而無法持續的跑。
- 持續呼吸跑步主要就是要有能量和力氣,而呼吸是產生能量的主要方式。持續保持深呼吸,就像提供氧氣燒柴一樣,可持續產生能量。若沒有持續燒燃料,再好的引擎也無法保持運作。但持續的保持深呼吸其實需要某種專注及自我意識,並非容易的事。
- 平日練習不論當天狀況如何,或多認真的使用特定技巧。若缺乏平日練習,當天也難有好表現。一些可完跑的跑者,大概每週都會至少跑兩三次 10 公里以上的練習。若低於這個練習量,要能好好跑完 42.195 公里就頗困難。
- 決心 (Determination)創業會遇到種種困難,並被各種人事物拒絕。決心包括韌性 (resilience) 及動力 (drive) 兩層面:前者是遇到困難不會受挫而退縮;後者是有足夠的動力持續的往前推進。
- 理念不合 (Co-founder Disputes)許多新創公司都因創業團隊後來想法不一致,卻無法有共識而分道揚鑣。在公司只有 2、3 人的情況下,失去一人可能就很嚴重,甚至導致公司瓦解。
- 做「有需求的」產品 (Making Something People Want is Hard)這是大部分新創公司無法做到的,也是早期最易失敗的原因。聰明和決心雖然重要,卻不夠充份。新創事業要能樂於和客戶、市場互動,改善產品,不然難逃被淘汰。
Saturday, October 27, 2012
早睡早起
Sunday, October 21, 2012
熱情、能力、市場
- 用更嚴格的條件篩選: 不要僅問「這是否是個好機會?」而該問「我是否完完全全喜歡?」(do I absolutely love this?)
- 問「何為必要?(essential)」並把其餘刪除: 這邊的觀察是,不論做事或環境,常會越來越「混亂」(例如桌子不必刻意就會越來越亂)。因此,把待做的事設時限 (如某本想讀的書,想回的信)。若時限到還未做,就整個刪除 (表示其實並非那麼必要)。另外,在新增活動前,先刪除舊活動。也就是除非做某件事比現有的事更有價值,不然就不冒然開始。(印象中,這也是巴菲特管理行程的方法:若新增一個約會,就會把某個原定約會改期或刪除,避免過忙)。
- 避免「擁有者效應」(the endowment effect):簡單說,我們常把已擁有的東西看得比實際價值更重要,因此會不想放手。要避免此問題,可換種方式來看:若你並不擁有這個東西 (也許是某個資源、機會、或職務),你願意花多少代價來取得它呢?若其實不願意付出太多代價,那就表示這東西其實可放下。
Sunday, October 14, 2012
關於真正的效率
『當我終於學會不再把周圍風景只看成檔在這個地方跟下個地方之間的空間,發生在我身上的事是這樣的:我把伊莎貝拉從肩膀上放下來,讓她跳進一個小水坑,濺濕了她的鞋子和褲子,為了好玩,我也跳了進去。伊莎貝拉開心地笑了,她伸直手臂用手掌接雨水,她張開嘴巴,伸出舌頭,抬頭仰望天空,我也試著那樣做。』
Sunday, October 07, 2012
工作的效率問題
- 無干擾的專注:完成該工作的優先順序被排得很高,高於其它一切待做、或需要做的事。因有極高的優先順序,所以一切其它干擾都會被排開或忽略。
- 知道作法:對這件事該怎樣做,已有概念要如何進行,或已有個想法想嘗試。這時候去做,相對來說較為容易,較有掌握感、也會較有進度。
- 要交件:當有東西要交給合作夥伴,以利他們那邊可繼續進行,同時了解自己的延遲會卡到別人,對整體結果有負面影響時,會較謹慎緊張,工作也較有成果。
- 不知如何下手:簡單說就是被「卡」住了,而這通常和做新嘗試有關。因為不夠熟悉,所以連怎樣開始都不知道。另種情況是雖有多種作法,但似乎各有優缺點,難以取捨。
- 被干擾:可能是該工作的時段,有其它事需要臨時或緊急的處理。這時就要先放下手上工作,處理完後才能繼續。但原先進度就要花時間重建,才能再進入狀況。
- 無援助:雖說不受干擾是好事,但遇到困難時也較易分心去做其它事。反之,我發現若和合作者「一起同時做事」(如寫程式的 Pair Programming)。有卡點時立刻討論。即使沒有互動,單純的約好「一起工作一小時候再來看進度」。一點人際上的牽制,似也有助於執行工作。
Saturday, September 29, 2012
Less is More
Saturday, September 22, 2012
價值與價格
Saturday, September 15, 2012
聽說讀寫、加減乘除
Saturday, September 08, 2012
創業及資本主義的「秘密」
Saturday, September 01, 2012
市府補助申請感想
Saturday, August 14, 2010
Why We Must Succeed
Although I had a busy day, I was unable to sleep for hours (to my surprise), and had a strange (but strong) sense that I must succeed at our start-up effort. I could not tell why at the time, but this morning after getting up, it just hit me: we need more success stories of young entrepreneurs who can retire before 30, and help the world to become a better place.
In the profession of software, because replication is easy, if you make it right, in no time will it be copied and used by millions of people, creating impacts and fortunes to its creator. The Google Guys (Larry Page and Sergey Brin) created Google when they were 25; Steve Jobs and Bill Gates both founded their companies in early 20s; John Carmack founded id software and started the whole First-Person Shooter (FPS) game genre before he was 20. While the stories are all amazing and told countlessly worldwide, the main characters are all Americans, and few similar stories exist elsewhere.
I'm not here to talk about why stories like this only happen in America, but would like to raise the point that we need more stories like this outside of America. Why is that? Because this will help the world to become a better place.
Two things happened at yesterday's events sort of irritated me, the first was the lack of interest of the industry participants to talk with the students, or get familiar with them after the formal meeting. Apparently there was no private social events afterward, except my dinner with the students. The second thing was the lack of courage or willingness from the students to change the world and get themselves retire before they turn 30. And somehow I felt the two are connected.
As publicly known, among Google's initial funding was one check of US$ 100,000 given by Andy Bechtolsheim, co-founder of Sun Microsystems, before the company Google was even formed (they registered the company partially so the check can be cashed). Among Facebook's early advisers, was Sean Parker, co-founder of Napster, who later became Facebook's president. Facebook also received its first funding from PayPal's co-founder Peter Thiel. Steve Jobs mentioned in his graduation speech at Stanford in 2008 that after he was kicked out from Apple, he met with David Packard (founder of HP) and Bob Noyce (founder of Intel) and tried to “apologize for screwing up so badly”. Obviously, he felt that he was responsible to live up to the support and expectation of the tech giants.
The moral of these stories is: success breeds success. People may become successful more easily if they've received good advice and help from others who've already walked the path. People will also be encouraged, and may indeed become more courageous, if they've received supports, or know that they can find such support if they need it. Most importantly, having faith that you will succeed may be the first step for any adventuring business. If you don't feel that you've got a chance or a shot at making it happen, you won't even make the first step. Yesterday, the problem with the professionals was that they somehow did not pass on their knowledge and experience to the younger, and the problem with the students was that they somehow did not feel that they have a chance (to make something great and retire before 30).
This phenomenon makes me uncomfortable, and I suspect that this may be why besides America, few other places have yet bred the type of tech success stories Americans enjoy. However, if the established or experienced, are willing to help the unestablished to succeed, or that the unestablished can see that success is indeed possible and thus are willing to take the first step. We might see more success stories, that will breed more successes.
And why having more successful entrepreneurs will make the world a better place? Because when you no longer need to worry about the livelihood of your family when you reach 30, your attention likely will turn elsewhere to find meanings in life, and helping others to succeed may be one of the most satisfying experiences. With more people who have crossed the hardship of starting a new enterprise, the more resources and experiences there will be to help others to start. Successful businesses ultimately are making something of value to the society and the people at large, so this too creates social values.
Luckily, I'm among the fortunate few who's not in America but still thinks that he has a shot. I hope that I can still remember to help others to succeed, in years to come.
Tuesday, October 27, 2009
Differences in Similarities, and Similarities in Differences
I was thinking of a very important question last night before sleep: will I keep repeating my mistakes, and tire myself to death without being effective, or will I rise from the repetition (輪迴) and start having a life that's incrementally accumulating (that is, I will learn to do new things, in new ways, even if still making mistakes, they will be new ones).
I came to think about these questions after spending a lot of frustrating time, doing repetitive and extra work, in order to get over another milestone of my life.
At the end of the thinking, it came to me that I wanted to become a Realized One (覺者), and for whom I can now understand why this may be important and a worthwhile goal to pursue (in the Buddhism tradition :). Because, regardless of whether reincarnation exists and whether we have a soul that's passable to the next life. Reincarnations and repetitions occur in many different forms in our daily life: we keep eating, sleeping, working, and may repeat certain cycles of working / spending / working / spending. People might even spend an entire life, without having any ideas why they're doing certain things, or how they have gone through life. I do not want to pass moral judgments on whether such ignorance is good or bad, because it's simply a personal choice to make. But if you can see past the repetition, you may find it more meaningful, and perhaps enlightened, if one could live on a path of growth and new experiences, instead of repetitive living, perhaps becoming more fulfilled, happy, and satisfied in the process.
What I realized waking up this morning was: for many people, four things are what they care about the most: How to live? (so to have enough food, shelter, etc. to survive) How to reproduce? (so to find a mate and form a family suitable to bear children) How to find happiness? (so to entertain one's self and keep one from boredom) and How to face Death? (so to have peace of mind and ease, when getting sick and old, and have a Nice End). (In Chinese, they would be: 如何生活? 如何繁衍? 如何快樂? 如何死亡?) For some, they might even ask the question: Where did I come from? And where should I go? (and we call these people the philosophers :) Most people are only concerned with the first four questions in daily life.
In answering these four, what I've found is that we have intentionally created a lot of repetitions in order to answer the four questions (for example, mass productions, broadcasting media, and restaurant franchise, which all allow lots of similar products / services be copied and made quickly, so to satisfy people's needs in a scalable way). Yet, once everything becomes common, people become bored and uneasy, and yarn for new and different experiences, or value things that are rare and never-before-seen. I thus came to suspect, that there's something inherently human, or perhaps even living, that tries to Seek Differences in Similarities, and Seek Similarities from Differences (同中求異, 異中求同). To find differences, because that will ensure new skills to carry us through different environments; to find similarities, because the essence of life is to make more copies, and sustain the existence of those copies. Abstracting similarities from differences allow us to copy more easily (this is the essence of mass production and franchises :).
It's actually an old Chinese saying, but what it essentially say in this context, is that the essence of life, may be to continue one's existence. This is how the copying and repetition comes. Single cell organisms basically reproduce by self-replications. However, life later evolved (at least on this Earth) to allow slight differences to occur in the offspring (via mutations and sexual reproductions). This has the advantages that as the environments are constantly changing, you are better off if your tools for living do not stay the same. Thus, if the environment suddenly favors or requires a different set of skills or abilities, some offspring of yours may still survive. So while copying is essentially what life tries to do (our DNA is 99.9%+ similar with our parents or other human beings), variations becomes an important tool too for life to evolve and thrive. I'm thus suspecting that this is why both aspects are important and dominant for human life even at the higher level: for many, most of the time we seek security, certainty, predictability, conformity, and we take comfort and ease from knowing them. This is all important and even programmed, and why repetitions, franchises, mass media or productions, are thriving so well in today's society. We simply make this simple and fundamental Life's Requirement, more profound and omnipresent at the higher level of our living. However, at the same time, endless repetitions may also be dangerous in the long run, because if we only always do things in a certain, similar way and never learn new abilities, when environments change or become hostile to the previous lifestyle, one may not survive or live well. And that's the value of new experiences or explorations.
We need both of course, too volatile and uncertain, life may become dangerous and end early. But if too uniform and repetitive, one may also lose the ability to adapt or adjust, when things change. So what is the right path? This is something that cannot be answered universally, but a decision each person can only make individually. Because each strategy to life has its merits and pitfalls, and only time and environment will tell which ones are 'currently' more successful than others, and of course, that changes too. As for me, I believe I would enjoy from less repetitions, and more new experiences. Even if I do make mistakes, I hope the mistakes are new and bigger ones, than those I've already had :)
Saturday, September 19, 2009
On Economic Growth
Yesterday I had a great dinner with some tofu teriyaki (I'm a vegetarian). It was fun to see how the cook made the food in front of you. I enjoyed the meal, the process, and was fully satisfied at this interesting experience at the end. Part of the fulfillment also comes at the cheap price: the meal costs about USD $3 and included all-you-can-eat fried rice. On my way back on the bus, it came to me that this is the meaning of economic growth: on average, everyone in the society consumes more, but also becomes more skillful to produce more, so that everyone's consuming / producing ability increases. And when everyone's consumption / production increases, the economics grows.
So indeed economic growth can be seen as a form of progress: making more, having more, and consuming more. But is such thing always better? As some of the productions may do harm to environment or people? Or the exchange might be unfair / unlawful (labor exploitation, or extreme poverty / richness caused by unfair distribution) But then I realize this is a question of “what do you consume?” You can also consume spiritual / knowledge goods (which I do.. mostly) and lower your material production / consumption (to lessen the environmental impact). So the ills in modern societies may not be inherently the fault of economic growth (as protesters of WTO or G8 believe); but rather, what the society chooses to produce and consume. For example, if society chooses to spend resources and focus consumption / production on education, on social work, on caring for the sick / poor / old. Then there may still be quite some economic activity (more social workers and exchange of their productivity), but in a service fashion with minimal environmental impact. In fact, one may argue that the growth of service sector in developed nations, reflects our shifting needs from the material world to the mental / psychological, or even spiritual. So for my verdict, perhaps economic growth isn't inherently bad after all. From another point of view, growth is inevitable as humans always want to become more / have more / enjoy more, or become better at certain things. This pursuit is relentless and likely will never end. However, while 'growth' is unstoppable, I think we can choose in what aspect shall we grow: for material collection / production, or for other types of activities / services? (for example, do shopping in the virtual world instead of real-world shopping, invest in education / learning instead of buying bigger houses or furnitures).
If so, we might actually enjoy the benefits of growth, without having to cause harm or make permanent damages to the environment or other living beings in the process.
Wednesday, September 09, 2009
Let Social Works Become a Noble Form of Consumerism
This morning while jogging, I spotted a homeless sleeping by the river bank of my usual jog route. It was probably the first time I saw a homeless near the riverbank, to my recall, and so I was somewhat surprised, at how poverty seems to have grown to affect people in new places. It also reaffirms the widening gap between the rich and poor, reported in the news.
How to help the poor and needy (and I meant really help, not just giving them some temporary assistance), has been something on my mind for a long time. And as I try to understand poverty and solutions people have proposed (an excellent reading is Redesigning Distribution, where the concept of basic income is explained. The idea is that a monthly allowance for basic living should be given to all citizens as a basic right, much like public education, health case, and pension), a recurring theme in my discovery is that poverty does not have to be a permanent state in society, but rather, it relates much with 1) how much the society can make/produce, and 2) how those wealth/goods are being distributed. In fact, one view (and one that I personally subscribe to) holds that in modern societies where per capita income exceeds USD $10,000, the total amount of wealth produced by the society is enough to allow everyone to live a relatively secure and comfortable life, even with some people not working at all!
Why then? Does poverty still exist, and there are still extreme poverty, even in very well-developed nations such as U.S.? The simple reason would be the disproportional distribution of the wealth generated. It's quite common that wealth is concentrated on a small rich and powerful group of people, who accumulate and also decide how wealth should be allocated. Of course, in most modern societies, wealth is being generated and distributed via some form of market mechanism, which is probably the most efficient known form of wealth production and distribution. And then we have one of the three certainties in life: the tax system that also re-distributes wealth to make public works (roads, schools, hospitals) possible. But apparently, having a highly efficient market, or even a well-intention government, still does not solve the poverty problem, where some unfortunate souls are bound to suffer and not benefiting from either the market or the tax system. They either do not have enough skills or motivations to earn a good income in the job market, or are too shy or physically / mentally incapable to seek help from the government (let along the inherent ineffectiveness of governments).
It seems then, that until some form of basic income-like social security system can be put in place (which is another story, but even so, it'll remain a government-sponsored program with all the pitfalls and problems), the best hope for solving poverty remains with the private sector, at the hands of the people, or some willing members of the society.
There are numerous examples of how the private citizens, through the forms of non-government organizations (NGOs) or non-profit organizations (NPOs), have helped to improve social welfare. One well-known recent example is the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has become the largest humanitarian organization on Earth in only a short few years, simply due to the commitments and managerial skills of its founders. During one trip to Australia, I talked with a IT professional next to me on the airplane, who told me that in Australia, because labor jobs are very well-paid, if a blue-collar worker is willing to work a few extra hours each week, he/she can earn even more than what he makes as a white-collar professional. This discussion let me to believe that poverty really is not an unsolvable problem, but something that directly relates to how a society chooses to spend its money. If the society accepts and ensures that wealth be more equally distributed, then we may bring better social welfare to everyone, as already happened in Australia.
So if we accept that poverty is caused by unequal distribution of wealth rather than the insufficient production of wealth, and we still wish to retain the current market economy and tax systems (assuming they won't change any time soon), how can we make wealth better distributed so that poverty may no longer exist?
One possibility is through higher taxation, especially from the well-to-do. But given the human nature of preserving wealth at our own hands, and the general distrust of government's transparency or efficiency, raising enough tax so that basic income can become universal may still take a long time. A more practical and feasible way seems to be the well-to-do people's own willingness to re-distribute. But how would this be possible?
The insight I had this morning was that all it takes is really a change in attitude and mindset. During my most recent trip to Japan, I was amazed at how expensive a piece of paper or cloth can cost, simply after some small thoughts and designs are put onto it. Obviously the material cost of the paper or cloth is not much. However, after adding a little artistic design, its price / value increases such that the affluent would still be willing to pay the higher price.
It's probably no secrets that the rich consumes / buys at a different level than ordinary citizens, and that people with different incomes have different spending patterns on the types of goods. For the rich and affluent, simple and basic material consumerism can no longer satisfy their needs and desires, so they seek higher-value products that could bring either atheistic enjoyment, pride, or social status to them (think of LV bags and brand products). Shopping or consuming no longer is a material activity, but a social, artistic, even spiritual one.
The change in attitude and mindset that we need thus is if the rich can see buying and spending for social welfare, is actually a noble, atheistic, and even spiritual thing to do. Instead of shopping for sports cars, luxury home and boats, jewelries and LV bags, if the rich can actually shop for, say, helping 50 kids in developing nations to go to school, or helping stray dogs and homeless a place to stay. Then our social welfare may be much improved, by simply consuming more of these Social Welfare Goods.
However, one important trick here is that these social works or social benefits, need to be packaged, branded, promoted, sold, and even be displayed (as trophies), just like any other existing consumer products. Because otherwise, the rich will not have access or ways to actually buy these products as consumers. This will take some experiments and quite some ingenuity. However, if it can be done (packaging and selling social welfare), then it may bring a much needed change to the landscape of social welfare or wealth distribution.
Just like sub-prime mortgage was creatively and ingeniously packaged as bonds to be divided and sold in global market (which subsequently caused the largest economic disaster in recent years), perhaps we need ways to package and sell social welfare services and products to the rich people in easily accessible and promotable forms. The key here is packaging and productizing, so that all the usual marketing stuff can be applied, except this time they are for the social welfare of the less fortunate members in our society.
I don't yet know the specifics of how this might be done, but it looks promising to bring changes to an issue that is as old as humanity.
